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What is Waffle Slab and Ribbed Slab?

A structural component that is either ribbed or waffle slab on the top is usually flat and has a grid-like system on its bottom. Ribbed slab's top is usually thin. The bottom grid lines of ribbed slab are typically ribs that are perpendicular and equal in depth. Two directional reinforcements are available on waffle slab.
All ribs are directed by column heads or beams. The depth of the ribs is maintained equals that of the beam or column head. It is recommended for foundations with larger span slabs or foundations due to its stability and double reinforcement.

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Waffle Slab Characteristics

Flat areas are best suited for waffle slabs.

Concrete volume is much lower than other types.
Individual bars or mesh provide reinforcement to the waffle slab.
Waffle slabs do not require separate excavations for beams.
The slab's bottom surface looks like waffle, which can be made by using cardboard panels or pods.
It is recommended that waffle slabs are 85 to 100mm thick. However, slabs should be between 300 and 600mm in depth.
The width of the beams and ribs in a waffle slab is generally between 110 and 200 mm.
It is recommended to space ribs between 600 and 1500mm.
For a span of up to 16 m, reinforced waffle slabs are possible. However, if you need a waffle slab longer than that, a prefabricated waffle slab would be more suitable.
Waffle slab has a lower shrinkage rate than footing slabs and stiffened rafts.
Waffle slab only requires 70% concrete and only 80 % steel from concrete and steel used to make stiffened raft.

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Waffle Slab Construction Procedure

There are three options for building waffle slabs:

In-situ
Precast
Prefabricated
Concrete is poured on-site or in a field to create waffle slabs. Precast slab slabs are made by casting slab panels on a site. Concrete is then filled with reinforcement.

Prefabricated waffle slab, which is the third option, is more expensive than the first two. This case has reinforcement in the slab panels and casting with some tension. They do not require any reinforcement at the site.

Formwork is required to support the slab when constructing a waffle slab. For waffle slabs, you will need special tools for formwork.

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